1. Chorister: member of choir especially its leader
2. Contralto: lowest female voice
3. Glee club: choral group usually large
4. Hymn: religious or sacred song
5. Libretto: words and texts of opera
6. Leider: stylized German song
7. Opera: drama in which text is entirely sung
8. Baton: conductor’s light rd usually to keep time
9. Conductor: leader of orchestra
10. Consort : ensemble of singers and instrumentalists
11. Improvisation : composition of music while performing it
12. Recital : concert given by individual performer
13. Ballad : slow sentimental romantic song
14. Symphony: full orchestra
15. Chantey : sailor’s work song
16. Gospel : popular Christian church music
17. Ditty : brief, humorous and simple song
18. Riff : short melodic passage played on an instrument
19. Unplugged : performed without electronic amplification or effects
20. Virtuoso : performer with great skill or artistry

1. Air: simple tune melody or song
2. Arabesque: short composition for piano
3. Aubade: sunrise music
4. Ballade: piano composition in romantic mood
5. Ballet: music written to accompany balletic dance
6. Concertino: short concert
7. Dirge : slow mournful piece of music
8. Etude: a musical piece intended to aid student in learning an instrument
9. Minuet : early French dance
10. Nocturne : dreamy romantic piece of music
11. Overture: musical introduction to Ballet
12. Pastoral: music of simple rural life
13. Prelude: a musical introduction
14. Symphony : composition for orchestra
15. Canto: melody in choral or instrumental music
16. Coda: passage added to final section or piece
17. Crescendo: gradual steady increase in volume
18. Decrescendo: gradual decrease in volume
19. Dissonance : interval that is restless and discordant
20. Fanfare: trumpet flourish
21. Finale: closing part of music
22. Homophony: music in which one melody  dominates
23. Intonation: production of tone with a voice or instrument
24. Modulation: change from one key to another
25. Pedal “prolonged tone
26. Staccato : with abrupt breaks within notes
27. Alto : female voice sung at a lower pitch than soprano
28. Bass: lowest normal make voice
29. Canticle: liturgical song based on bible text
30. Chant : sacred song
31. Choir : group of singers

1. Antagonist: rival
2. Bard: composer/singer of epic poetry
3. Belletrist: composer of many amusing works
4. Bibliognot : people with comprehensive knowledge of books
5. Playwright : dramatist
6. Fabulist : person who writes fables
7. Farceur: writer of broad comedy
8. Pseudonym: pen name
9. Scribe: copier of manuscripts before invention of printing
10. Scrivener: professional or public copyist writer
11. Wordsmith: a skilled writer
12. Persona: character in play
13. Poetaster : inferior poet
14. Protagonist : main character in a narrative

1. Doggerel: silly or bad poetry
2. Epilogue: concluding segment after the main body
3. Euphony: pleasantness of sounds in poetry
4. Exegesis : critical interpretation of text
5. Genre: category of composition with a specific style
6. Gloss: continuous commentary appearing in a text
7. Imagery : language used to evoke mental picture
8. Irony: words expressing other than literal meanings
9. Leitmotif : dominant theme
10. Mimesis: imitation of person’s style/grammar
11. Motif: recurring theme
12. Passus: division of story
13. Plagiarism: literary theft
14. Sarcasm : ironic/caustic language against an individual
15. Simile: speech comparing two similar things
16. Almanac: book with information on various fields
17. Compendium: concise but comprehensive work
18. Canon: work ascribed to author and accepted as genuine
19. Concordance : alphabetical index of topics
20. Hornbook : child’s primer
21. Magnum opus : one author’s classical masterpiece
22. Omnibus: book containing the works of a single author
23. Tome : very large or scholarly work

1. Rondel : short poem
2. Saga : lengthy legend
3. Satire : work holding up human vices
4. Sirvente : medieval poem
5. Sonnet : poem of fourteen lines
6. Verse : poetry
7. Whodunit: mystery story
8. Agon : dispute between chorus and characters in a Greek tragedy
9. Allegory : metaphor used to explain larger meanings
10. Alliteration: repetition of sounds in initial words
11. Allusion: reference to famous persons or events
12. Amphigory : nonsensical poetry
13. Analects : literary passages
14. Analogy : comparison between objects
15. Antithesis : use of contrasting images or words
16. Bowdlerize: censor by cutting offensive sections
17. Blank verse: unrhymed poetry
18. Cacophony: discordant sounds
19. Caesurae: break in poetic rhythm
20. Canto: one of the main divisions of a long poem
21. Cliché : time worn commonplace expression
22. Cognomen: distinguishing name
23. Diatribe : bitter accusation
24. Dithyramb: short poem
25. Ditty: short simple lyric

Meaning: grain

1. granary : a store house
2. granule : a small particle
3. grenade : a small shell
4. garner : together
5. ingrain : to fix deeply

Root: grat

Meaning: thankful

1. grace: elegance
2. gratis : free of cost
3. gratuitous : given freely
4. ingrate: ungrateful
5. ingratiate : to establish favor of others

Context:

1. A repository of grain is granary
2. A granule is a little grain
3. Hand grenades were used in World War –II
4. He garnered courage to speak to the boss
5. An ingrained superstition prevented him from venturing abroad
6. Fine paintings graced the stately home
7. Companies provide service gratis
8. The article was a gratuitous insult to the senior
9. The uncharitable ingrate ignored his benefactor
10. He ingratiated himself with his boss

Meaning: poison

1. noxious : harmful
2. internecine : mutually destructive
3. obnoxious : offensive
4. pernicious : ruinous
5. innocent : pure

Root: grad, grade, gress

Meaning: to step, to go, a grade, degree

1. egress: exit
2. ingress: enter
3. regress : back words
4. retrogress : worsen
5. transgress : to break laws

Context:

1. The inhalation of noxious gases causes cancer
2. An internecine feud among proxy holders led to disaster
3. The obnoxious remarks of the politician caused unpleasantness
4. Smallpox was a pernicious disease
5. Children are innocent and indulge in harmless fun
6. To egress is to depart
7. To ingress is to enter
8. In spite of the advanced treatment he regressed into a coma
9. Society is in retrogression with strife everywhere
10. Transgression of traffic rules results in accidents

Meaning: born, birth

1. naïve : unsophisticated
2. impregnate : to infuse
3. innate : native, born
4. renascent : being reborn
5. cognate: same percentage

Root: neg, negate, negatun

Meaning: to deny

1. negate : to nullify
2. abnegate : refusal of one’s right
3. renege : to renounce
4. renegade : one who deserts a cause
5. denial : refuse to believe or disavowal

Context:

1. A naïve realist perceives the world as it is
2. His advice was impregnated with wisdom
3. There is an innate defect in the hypotheses
4. A renascent interest in Henry James brought further information
5. Closely related languages have cognate words
6. Pessimism negates the hope of the situation
7. The king abnegated the throne
8. To renege a promise is to go back on one’s word 
9. A renegade deserts a cause for another
10. Peter’s denial of the fact is very well known

 tableau vivant- a silent and motionless group of people arranged to represent a scene

taedium vitae – weariness of life, especially as leading to suicide

tant mieux – so much the better

tant pis - so much the worse

terminus ad auem - the finishing-point of an argument, policy, etc.

terminus ante quern - the finishing-point of a period

terminus a quo - the starting-point of a period

terra incognita - unknown territory

terra sigillata - clay, or pottery, from Lemnos or Samos

terz rima - Prosody an arrangement of especially iambic pentameter triplets rhyming

aba bob cdc, etc.

tete-a-tete - an intimate conversation

tete-beche – (of a postage stamp) printed upside down or sideways

the dansant – an afternoon tea with dancing

ton - a prevailing fashion; fashionable society

tour de force - a feat of strength or skill

tous-les-mois - food starch from tubers of a canna, Canna Indica

tout court- without addition, simply

tout de suite - at once, immediately

trahison des clerce – the betrayal of standards by intellectuals

trente-et-quarante - rouge-et-noir

tristesse - sadness, grief, melancholy

trouvaille – a lucky find; a windfall